The rules differ by country, but they point the same way: collect less, and say what you collect. The UK and the EU also ask for a reason before anything is set on a visitor’s device.
United Kingdom. The rules changed on 5 February 2026. They now cover any technology that stores or reads information on a device, and also “collecting or monitoring information automatically emitted” by it, which catches the cookieless analytics tools sold as needing no consent. A new exception allows a site to measure its own use without asking, provided the sole purpose is improving the site, the visitor is told plainly, and there is a simple, free way to object.
European Union. The rule is stricter. Storing or reading anything on a visitor’s device needs consent after clear information, unless it is strictly necessary for a service the visitor asked for. The European Data Protection Board confirmed in October 2024 that this covers tracking pixels and device fingerprinting, not only cookies. The GDPR applies to any company, wherever it is, that offers goods or services to people in the EU, so a UK or US manufacturer selling into Europe is covered. It must process only the data necessary for its purpose and must tell people who it is, why it collects the data, on what legal basis, for how long, and what their rights are, in clear and plain language.
United States. There is no federal privacy law for business websites. California’s law applies to for-profit businesses that do business in California and have over $26.6 million in revenue, or hold data on 100,000 or more Californians, or make half their revenue selling personal information. Those businesses must give a notice at collection, treat a browser’s Global Privacy Control signal as an opt-out and, if they sell or share data for advertising, show a “Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information” link. A second California law has no threshold: any site that collects personal information from Californians must post a privacy policy that says what it collects, whether other companies can track visitors through it, and how it responds to a browser’s Do Not Track signal. Other states have passed laws on the same pattern. Below those thresholds the Federal Trade Commission still acts against hidden fees, subscriptions that are hard to cancel, and privacy settings defaulted to maximum collection.
Australia. The Privacy Act covers organisations with annual turnover over AUD 3 million, and smaller ones that trade in personal information or provide health services. A covered organisation must have a clear privacy policy, tell people what it collects and why at the point of collection, and take reasonable steps to protect what it holds. There is no cookie-consent rule of the European kind.
So a business site can run with no consent banner in all four places, if it uses nothing that needs consent. Ours uses nothing that needs consent, so it has no banner, and the privacy notice says exactly what is collected. If we add analytics, it will ask first. A marketing pixel, an embedded video that sets its own cookies or a chat widget that profiles visitors needs the same real choice before it loads in the UK and the EU. In the United States it may load first, but a business that California’s law covers must let visitors refuse it and must honour the browser’s privacy signal. We build to the UK rule wherever the visitor is.
A contact form collects your name, your address and your message because you asked for a reply. We keep it as long as the conversation needs and say so. A form that quietly adds you to a mailing list is not a safe form anywhere.